Specific location: Municipality of Eidskog
Which ecosystem type: Forest
Title/name of the NbS: Variable retention forestry
Summary: The municipality forest of Eidskog aims to carry out active forestry and at the same time facilitate for higher biodiversity. Their approach, the so-called Eidskog-method, represents variable retention forestry that they implement in all kinds of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands.
Before logging, employees in the municipality forest manually mark all the future retention trees in each stand. They select the retention trees so that they are scattered all over the stand, which is in considerable contrast to traditional clear-cuts, where the retention trees are most often set aside in groups and clusters. On-site individual selection of the future retention trees enables targeting the largest and most vital trees in the stand. In addition, they set aside a minimum of one extra (relative to the requirement of the Norwegian PEFC forest standard) retention tree per 1000 m2, so that stands harvested using the Eidskog-method contain at least two living retention trees per 1000 m2. All dead trees are also retained. As an additional contribution to maintain forest biodiversity in some of the stands, they set aside small areas with particularly high biological value. For instance, areas with extraordinary old and/or big trees, humid microclimate as well as parts that considerably deviate from the rest of the stand, for example areas with big stones and boulders which affects tree species composition and their age structure.
After the first three years of implementing the Eidskog-method, the harvested stands differ visually considerably from traditional clear-cuts, the amounts of dead wood have increased substantially and the retention trees are remarkably stable. So far only a small fraction of the >1500 retention trees set aside have fallen down because of heavy wind or snow.